WWII Archives:Multimedia Guide: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 21:48, 17 May 2024

Welcome to the WWII Archives Multimedia Guide! This guide is intended to lay out the rules, advice, and regulations for uploading and managing files on the WWII Archives. Before you begin to upload or digitize anything please read this Guide.

Scanning and digitizing

Which scanner to use?

When scanning any document, photograph, etc, if possible use a flatbed scanner instead of a printer scanner which are lower in quality.
If not try to find a place that can professionally digitally scan for you.
If you have neither of these options, you may use a printer scanner

Clean scanner before you scan, and have a clean area around it

Before and every few scans, please ensure that there aren't hairs, smudges, dust, or anything else on the scanning glass while scanning, otherwise it will show up on scan.
Try using a can of compressed air to spray every few scans.
Keep a clean space around the scanning area, no food or drinks at all, and do not be eating or drinking in the process either.
Try to also wear gloves (such as Latex gloves) when handling scannable material.

Set resolution/DPI

While scanning, the lowest resolution you should go is 800 dpi. Anything below 800 isn't acceptable.
1600 is acceptable if necessary, and only go to 4200 if absolutely needed.

Scan every part

On any kind of scan, the goal is to scan the whole document, photo, item, etc as much as possible. That means the entirety of the object must be viewable on the scan file.
Therefore every scan should have the background of the scanner or surface the object is on (if using a camera) be viewable in the scan to ensure all of the object is scanned.
Also, SCAN ALL SIDES, even if the other side is blank and doesn't have anything on it, scan it anyways.

Do not scan documents, photos, and other objects on top of one another

Unless if absolutely necessary, do not scan/digitize things that are on top of each other, like a photograph on top of a document. Scan each thing individually. This is unless if some things are supposed to attach to one another, then you can do while attached together, and also each thing individually.

Shining a light through the document

Some documents and things reveal something when shone a light through, such as a seal. So to capture it, unless if there is a possible way you can do it with a scanner, find a light and camera in a dark area with no other light and capture the light shining through.

Do not modify scanned files

DO NOT MODIFY SCANNED FILES BEFORE, AFTER, OR WHILE DIGITIZING. Neither the color or other settings in photoshop or any kind of editor. Just save the original files, put them in a pdf (as later instructed) and then upload
Unfortunately right now a future side-by-side upload may be created with a "corrected image" but not for now.
As for Negatives, you may scan the original negative, front and back, and then create a copy of both where you turn it into a positive. Then on the pdf the originals will go first and then the positives.

Color cards

Since many scanners don't capture the exact color, you may put a color to indicate the original coloring in real life as a separate scan for that particular scanner, and then put it among one of the scan pdfs in your collection. However still do not modify the original scans.
However it isn't required to have a correction card.

Saving the scanned files

When saving a scan or digitization, save as .tif or .tiff. If you can't .png
DO NOT SAVE AS JPG OR JPEG, as JPEG/JPG will decompress every time it is transferred. Therefore avoid it as much as possible

Combining scans into PDF files

For every scan for each document and such, you will combine the scans into one pdf file. For example one photograph will have two pages/files for front and back.
However you cannot just use any way to convert files into pdf, since some ways will just paste it on a white page for each pdf page instead of just the file.
The following are the different ways to convert scans properly to pdf:

Mac OS

For Mac OS, there isn't a complete tutorial on the method of creating a pdf that is required. But in any case here are some videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnHjzbmEr4o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hf0kI8leZ-8

Here are the steps:

Either select all of the images or just one you are turning into a pdf and click on it.
Click on the dropdown in between the red, yellow, and green dots, and the title of the image file(s)
click on "Thumbnails"
If you had selected all the files selected before you opened them in Preview, then you don't need to do steps 2 and 3.
Select all of the files on the left side (in the Thumbnails section)
Go to the top of your screen, click on "File", then click on "Export..." or "Export the selected images"
If there is a dropdown to convert to different file types, then select PDF, otherwise there shouldn't be any selection, and you choose the folder to put your pdf, and click on "Save"
Then go to the folder you placed the pdfs, and there should be a pdf file of each scan in there. Click on the front scan, go to "Thumbnails" again, and drag the other pdf files from the folder into the side bar. You will then position them in the correct order, and then Command+S to save.

Note that while doing this there are some metadata/information about the file (not the actual image just information about it so its fine) that is lost, that you will need to indicate as presented in the section about adding metadata/information.

Windows

Here is the tutorial for Windows: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNmh9T6WbUE

Adobe Acrobat

Here is a tutorial on how to do it in Adobe Acrobat: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7LsOMt3kNQ

Filming, taking photos, etc

What device to use

If filmming an interview or something else, ideally use a camcorder, digital camera, or phone (unless if its bad quality then find something else).
For interviews, it is advised to buy a microphone and charger (if your battery will run out mid-interview)

Digitization with cameras

When digitizing without a scanner but with a camera, do not use some sort of scanning app on your phone or anything like that."
You will be using a specific setup to properly digitize photos, either with a camera or a phone camera.
Pick the best quality camera that you have. Then attach it to some overarching attachment that attaches to a flat surface where you will digitize and the camera is directly facing down. Then get at least one or two white lights and some white background. Turn off all the lights around to make the room dark, and start digitizing
Note down the exact equipment that you used, the different camera settings, software, etc, etc, etc to be noted down for the extra metadata.
If you would like also use a color correction card as mentioned.

.MOV and HEIC file format

On Apple devices, videos are saved as the .MOV file format and images .HEIC format. These aren't viewable on the WWII Archives in those formats for now. Unless if you don't care for playing or seeing the video/image, for .MOV file formats it is better to convert it to mp4, and for images PNG or TIF (In most cases you will put it in a pdf format anyways).

Uploading

Places to upload

To upload, use Special:UploadWizard. If there is something wrong, then you may used Special:Upload which doesn't work as well.

Uploading to the Internet Archive for things over 1 Gb in size

If uploading something 1 Gb or over, for now you can't upload the file onto the WWII Archives. Instead you will have to upload it to Archive.org (which runs the [Wayback Machine|web.archive.org]). Just sign up and upload
After uploading, put a link to the related article and collection category on the WWII Archives, and vice versa.

Setting the license and ownership

In most cases, you will choose the "This file isn't my work", as you can indicate who the author(s) is and where it was sourced from.
Anything that can't be indicated while doing this will go into the description
Then choose the licensing of the file or find out what it is, such as public domain, etc.

Managing uploaded files

Adding metadata/information not shown or lost in the file

As mentioned, when converting any file you loose the original metadata. To undo this put the Template:Multimedia_data at the bottom before the Categories, indicating date, time, location, dpi resolution, scanner/camera/device, software used, whether scanned vertically and flipped, etc, etc. If there was something that can't be indicated on that template note it in the description.

Indicating dimensions/size

It is required to get the full dimensions of the object being scanned/taken a photo of.
Per the rules of the site, the object will be measured in metric (cm, mm, etc). If you absolutely cannot use metric then use imperial instead.
Do not use the dimensions indicated on the scanning software as that usually is not the actual dimensions but for printing.

Other description

After uploading, it is required that you put a description about the file.
On most files you will have writing that you will have to transcribe and/or translate. Use the template "Single language document quote" for english only and "Double language document quote" for other languages and translating into english (other language and then english second).

Uploading new versions of a file

If there was an error in the original upload or you have a better scan, you may need to delete and/or upload a new version.
Any changes should be indicated in the file page description

Adding files to articles and other pages

In order to add files to articles/pages, consult the following page on MediaWiki on how to do so: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Welcome to the WWII Archives Multimedia Guide! This guide is intended to lay out the rules, advice, and regulations that are expected when uploading and managing files on the WWII Archives. Before you start to upload or digitize anything please read this Guide.
+Welcome to the WWII Archives Multimedia Guide! This guide is intended to lay out the rules, advice, and regulations for uploading and managing files on the WWII Archives. Before you begin to upload or digitize anything please read this Guide.
 ==Scanning and digitizing==
@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 ===Which scanner to use?===
 [[File:Scanner_Example_Multimedia_Guide.png|right|300px]]
-When scanning documents and such, it is highly recommended to do so with a professional scanner instead of a printer scanner, as those are lower in quality. You want to digitize one such as the Epson V600, or if you get access to an archive facility with one, then it is ideal to use one.
+* When scanning any document, photograph, etc, if possible use a flatbed scanner instead of a printer scanner which are lower in quality.
+* If not try to find a place that can professionally digitally scan for you.
+* If you have neither of these options, you may use a printer scanner
 ===Clean scanner before you scan, and have a clean area around it===
-Make sure that there isn't any kind of dust, hair, smudges, or anything else on the scanning glass for scanning, otherwise it might disrupt your scan. One thing that is suggested for use is a compressed air dusting can to spray on the glass every few scans.
+* Before and every few scans, please ensure that there aren't hairs, smudges, dust, or anything else on the scanning glass while scanning, otherwise it will show up on scan.
-Also it is highly suggested to have a clean space around your scanning area, and to absolutely not have food and drinks around the scanner or things being scanned.
+* Try using a can of compressed air to spray every few scans.
-It is also recommended to be wearing gloves when handling most scanning material, especially photographs and even older items.
+* Keep a clean space around the scanning area, no food or drinks at all, and do not be eating or drinking in the process either.
+* Try to also wear gloves (such as Latex gloves) when handling scannable material.
 ===Set resolution/DPI===
-When scanning, the recommended resolution to scan is 800 (it still gets details and loads quicker). 1600 is acceptable if it is necessary, and only go up to 4200 for something truly important. Do not scan under 800 dpi.
+* While scanning, the lowest resolution you should go is 800 dpi. Anything below 800 isn't acceptable.
+* 1600 is acceptable if necessary, and only go to 4200 if absolutely needed.
 ===Scan every part===
 [[File:Photographe de Paul Edouard Clément Lajule dans son uniforme militaire français.pdf|left|150px]]
-When scanning/digitizing something such as a document, photograph, item, etc, you want to make sure that the entirety of the thing being digitized in question is within view of the scan, as well as the entire thing scanned. For example, if you are scanning a letter in a scanner, you want to make sure that you can see the entirety of the letter, and some of the white background behind the letter around it. You also want to scan every side, even if there is nothing on one side, you still scan it (this is especially if you are scanning photographs with nothing on the back). Again, make sure the background is visible, and '''SCAN ALL SIDES'''.
+* On any kind of scan, the goal is to scan the whole document, photo, item, etc as much as possible. That means the entirety of the object must be viewable on the scan file.
+* Therefore every scan should have the background of the scanner or surface the object is on (if using a camera) be viewable in the scan to ensure all of the object is scanned.
+* Also, '''SCAN ALL SIDES''', even if the other side is blank and doesn't have anything on it, scan it anyways.
+===Do not scan documents, photos, and other objects on top of one another===
+Unless if absolutely necessary, do not scan/digitize things that are on top of each other, like a photograph on top of a document. Scan each thing individually. This is unless if some things are supposed to attach to one another, then you can do while attached together, and also each thing individually.
+====Shining a light through the document====
+Some documents and things reveal something when shone a light through, such as a seal. So to capture it, unless if there is a possible way you can do it with a scanner, find a light and camera in a dark area with no other light and capture the light shining through.
 ===Do not modify scanned files===
 [[File:Laissez-Passer-Ouest de Raymond Auguste Traumann du 28 Juillet 1941.pdf|right|150px]]
-It is unfortunate that it needs to be said but, '''DO NOT MODIFY SCANNED FILES AFTER OR WHILE DIGITIZING'''. Do not change the color or other image settings in photoshop, any kind of editor. The purpose is to try and get as accurate as possible of a scan of the object in question, so even though every scanner has some problems in some way, it is only one layer removed from what the original object looks like. However, if you start trying to edit the image, it will add another layer of uncertainty as to how the original actually looked. Plus the editing is based on your bias of what it should look like. Even if the thing you are digitizing is something such as a faded photograph, upload the original version of the scan instead of an edited one anyways. You can download the original and modify it for your own liking. A possible future side-by-side upload might be created, but even then for now only upload the original non-modified scan.
+* '''DO NOT MODIFY SCANNED FILES BEFORE, AFTER, OR WHILE DIGITIZING'''. Neither the color or other settings in photoshop or any kind of editor. Just save the original files, put them in a pdf (as later instructed) and then upload
+* Unfortunately right now a future side-by-side upload may be created with a "corrected image" but not for now.
+* As for Negatives, you may scan the original negative, front and back, and then create a copy of both where you turn it into a positive. Then on the pdf the originals will go first and then the positives.
 ====Color cards====
-Since there are many scanners out there that don't exactly capture the exact color of the thing you are digitizing, you can use put a color correction card in the digitization, although you will use that scanned correction card to add as a page to the pdf file of the digitized document. Although it is not absolutely required to have a correction card.
+* Since many scanners don't capture the exact color, you may put a color to indicate the original coloring in real life as a separate scan for that particular scanner, and then put it among one of the scan pdfs in your collection. However still do not modify the original scans.
+* However it isn't required to have a correction card.
 ===Saving the scanned files===
-When you are saving the scan or digitized file, you want the scan to be in a .tif or .tiff file format. If you can't do that do .png. '''DO NOT SAVE AS JPG OR JPEG'''. Jpeg images are usually meant to be compressed and so with every time transferred and compressed, deteriorate in quality. Just avoid saving as a jpeg as much as possible
+* When saving a scan or digitization, save as .tif or .tiff. If you can't .png
+* '''DO NOT SAVE AS JPG OR JPEG''', as JPEG/JPG will decompress every time it is transferred. Therefore avoid it as much as possible
 ====Combining scans into PDF files====
-For every case after saving your files while digitizing, you will need to combine the scans that each pertain to each document. For example if you scanned a photograph, you would have two scans, one of the front side, and another of the other side. However you cannot just do any method of combining your scans into a pdf, as most of the ways that are presented online are meant for printing, and create white boundaries and don't save the quality of the scans. The following are the different methods that you must follow when creating a PDF based on the options/device that you have.
+* For every scan for each document and such, you will combine the scans into one pdf file. For example one photograph will have two pages/files for front and back.
+* However you cannot just use any way to convert files into pdf, since some ways will just paste it on a white page for each pdf page instead of just the file.
+* The following are the different ways to convert scans properly to pdf:
 =====Mac OS=====
@@ Line 37: / Line 58: @@
 Here are the steps:
-, Either select all of the images you are turning into a pdf, or just select one of them and click on it.
+# Either select all of the images or just one you are turning into a pdf and click on it.
-, Click on the dropdown in between the red, yellow, and green dots, and the title of the image file(s)
+# Click on the dropdown in between the red, yellow, and green dots, and the title of the image file(s)
-, click on "Thumbnails"
+# click on "Thumbnails"
-, if you had selected all the files selected before you opened them in Preview, then you don't need to do steps 2 and 3.
+# If you had selected all the files selected before you opened them in Preview, then you don't need to do steps 2 and 3.
-, Select all of the files on the left side (in the Thumbnails section)
+# Select all of the files on the left side (in the Thumbnails section)
-, Go to the top of your screen, click on "File", then click on "Export..." or "Export the selected images"
+# Go to the top of your screen, click on "File", then click on "Export..." or "Export the selected images"
-, If there is a dropdown to convert to different file types, then select PDF, otherwise there shouldn't be any selection, and you choose the folder to put your pdf, and click on "Save"
+# If there is a dropdown to convert to different file types, then select PDF, otherwise there shouldn't be any selection, and you choose the folder to put your pdf, and click on "Save"
-, Then you will go to the folder you placed the pdfs, and there should be a pdf file of each scan in there. Click on the front scan, then go to "Thumbnails" again, and then you will drag the other pdf files from the folder into the side bar. You will then position them in the correct order, and then Command+S to save.
+# Then go to the folder you placed the pdfs, and there should be a pdf file of each scan in there. Click on the front scan, go to "Thumbnails" again, and drag the other pdf files from the folder into the side bar. You will then position them in the correct order, and then Command+S to save.
 Note that while doing this there are some metadata/information about the file (not the actual image just information about it so its fine) that is lost, that you will need to indicate as presented in the section about adding metadata/information.
@@ Line 57: / Line 78: @@
 [[File:Main Page Guides Image.png|200px|left]]
 ===What device to use===
-If you are filming an interview or something else, the ideal thing to use is a dedicated camcorder, digital camera, or a phone (unless it is terrible quality then attempt to find something else).
+* If filmming an interview or something else, ideally use a camcorder, digital camera, or phone (unless if its bad quality then find something else).
-It is also advised for interviews to buy a microphone, charger (if your battery runs out faster)
+* For interviews, it is advised to buy a microphone and charger (if your battery will run out mid-interview)
+===Digitization with cameras===
+* When digitizing without a scanner but with a camera, '''do not use some sort of scanning app on your phone or anything like that."
+* You will be using a specific setup to properly digitize photos, either with a camera or a phone camera.
+* Pick the best quality camera that you have. Then attach it to some overarching attachment that attaches to a flat surface where you will digitize and the camera is directly facing down. Then get at least one or two white lights and some white background. Turn off all the lights around to make the room dark, and start digitizing
+* Note down the exact equipment that you used, the different camera settings, software, etc, etc, etc to be noted down for the extra metadata.
+* If you would like also use a color correction card as mentioned.
 ===.MOV and HEIC file format===
-On apple devices, videos are saved as the .MOV file format and images the .HEIC format. Unfortunately these aren't viewable on the WWII Archives in those formats, therefore unless if you don't care for playing or seeing the video/image on the Archives, for .MOV file formats it is better to convert it to mp4, and for images .png (You can also try tif/tiff and in many cases you will be putting it into PDF format so it won't matter much in this case).
+* On Apple devices, videos are saved as the .MOV file format and images .HEIC format. These aren't viewable on the WWII Archives in those formats for now. Unless if you don't care for playing or seeing the video/image, for .MOV file formats it is better to convert it to mp4, and for images PNG or TIF (In most cases you will put it in a pdf format anyways).
 ==Uploading==
 ===Places to upload===
-Generally, and in most cases, you want to upload through [[Special:UploadWizard]] on this website. However, in the rare case that it might not be working, you might want to try [[Special:Upload]], which you will notice doesn't have a loading bar, and will in most cases probably not work.
+* To upload, use [[Special:UploadWizard]]. If there is something wrong, then you may used [[Special:Upload]] which doesn't work as well.
 ====Uploading to the Internet Archive for things over 1 Gb in size====
-If the file that you are uploading surpasses the 1Gb size limit, then you will not be able to upload on this site. Instead, if you need to upload something that is over 1 Gb, then do so on the Archive.org website (the organization that runs the Wayback Machine). Just sign up, and then upload. It is suggested that you link to the files on the articles on the WWII Archives that are related to those digitized items. For example, if you did an interview with someone that is over 1 Gb in size, and upload it to the Internet Archive, then you will link/source the uploaded interview on the article page of the person interviewed. Typically if it is a document, photograph, etc then you will link it to the category page and put a link to it on the category page on the WWII Archives.
+* If uploading something 1 Gb or over, for now you can't upload the file onto the WWII Archives. Instead you will have to upload it to Archive.org (which runs the [Wayback Machine|web.archive.org]). Just sign up and upload
+* After uploading, put a link to the related article and collection category on the WWII Archives, and vice versa.
 ===Setting the license and ownership===
-If you were the owner of the document that is being uploaded, it is highly suggested that you use the "This file isn't my work" option, as you will be able to indicate where the document comes from and how it came into your ownership, as well as being able to set the license that you want to put on there.
+* In most cases, you will choose the "This file isn't my work", as you can indicate who the author(s) is and where it was sourced from.
-Otherwise if you do not own the files being uploaded, then you will indicate that they are not of your ownership, where they come from, and what the license for those files are as indicated from the source you got them from.
+* Anything that can't be indicated while doing this will go into the description
+* Then choose the licensing of the file or find out what it is, such as public domain, etc.
-===Adding More data about your scan/upload===
-As seen previously, much of the scanning, uploading, filming, etc involves converting to new file formats. In doing so each time, you loose original metadata from the original file. In order to reverse much of this, you must input the [[Template:Multimedia_data]] and input the info in the fields. This is to easily know what dpi, what device was used, what software was used, etc. You will put this template at the end of each file page (before the categories)
 ===Categories===
-Categories are very important to organization of files. Categories for files are more for collections of documents found. For example, if you had an old packet in your grandparent's attic that pertain to things related to your family during the war, and you digitize them, you will create a category with the same name as the label on the packet or relatively the same name, and the digitized documents that were in that packet will go in that category. If you find a stack inside that packet, then you should keep it in that order, scan it in that order, and in the name of each digitized file uploaded, there should be a number of where that document was in the order of the stack. For example one might be: "57 - Letter from John Smith to his parents 3 March 1944", which would indicate that this document was number 57 in the order of the stack, and that it is a letter from a man named John Smith to his parents that is dated to 3 March 1944. For the most part this number organization should organize the category from 1 to the last document in that stack.
+* Every file must go into a category. First and foremost is [[Category:Multimedia]]. Then you will create or add to an existing category for the collection that file was part of.
+* Then you will count each object/document in order of the collection within a box, binder, folder, etc etc et. From front to back, top to bottom etc. Once you have counted the order of all the documents, then while uploading set their names to the number of order that they are in, and then the name of the file, such as "57 - Letter from John Smith to his parents 3 March 1944".
 ==Managing uploaded files==
 ===Adding metadata/information not shown or lost in the file===
-As mentioned earlier while converting the tif files into pdfs, a lot of the metadata will be lost. Alternatively, there is information that won't be put in the metadata in the first place. Therefore it is your job to add the additional useful information pertaining to those files in the description. Things such as date digitized, what scanner was used, what program was used with the scanner, what resolution (dpi) was it scanned at, did you rotate any of the pages of the pdf file (sometimes some documents have multiple pages that open up like a book and are too big to be scanned horizontally, and  so you will need to scan the entire thing vertically. This is one of the few times you are allowed to do modifications, but even for modifications it is very helpful to indicate what modifications you made, but still don't do image editing), and more. If you are uploading an interview, it might be helpful to indicate the location, what you recorded it on, etc that isn't indicated in the video.
+* As mentioned, when converting any file you loose the original metadata. To undo this put the [[Template:Multimedia_data]] at the bottom before the Categories, indicating date, time, location, dpi resolution, scanner/camera/device, software used, whether scanned vertically and flipped, etc, etc. If there was something that can't be indicated on that template note it in the description.
 ===Indicating dimensions/size===
-As we're trying to digitize and get a complete picture of what the object were digitizing is, it is obviously important to note down the dimensions and size of the object. When you do this, absolutely do it in metric, because it has more precision than imperial does. You can add an indicator of what it looks like in imperial thats fine, but always have it and do it in metric first (note that the size usually indicated on scanning programs in dimensions are almost always not actual measurements of the scan area, rather for printing among other things, so don't use that).
+* It is required to get the full dimensions of the object being scanned/taken a photo of.
+* Per the rules of the site, the object will be measured in metric (cm, mm, etc). If you absolutely cannot use metric then use imperial instead.
+* Do not use the dimensions indicated on the scanning software as that usually is not the actual dimensions but for printing.
 ===Other description===
-Of course other than the stuff mentioned above, there is more description about the thing itself, particularly about the document/object as well as analyzing it and transcribing it. In particular for transcribing things, you will use either of two different Templates. The first is "Single language document quote", which is for documents that are only in one language. The second is: "Double language document quote", which is used for transcribing documents with one or more languages used other than English.
+* After uploading, it is required that you put a description about the file.
+* On most files you will have writing that you will have to transcribe and/or translate. Use the template "Single language document quote" for english only and "Double language document quote" for other languages and translating into english (other language and then english second).
 ===Uploading new versions of a file===
-This is only really necessary if you made an error in the original management of the files or scans of the documents. Another is if you have an even better scan of the document(s) in question than you perviously had. Any of this kind of stuff should be indicated in the description of what changed.
+* If there was an error in the original upload or you have a better scan, you may need to delete and/or upload a new version.
+* Any changes should be indicated in the file page description
 ==Adding files to articles and other pages==
 In order to add files to articles/pages, consult the following page on MediaWiki on how to do so: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images